Assumption and Reflection: Turning Signs to Evidence

First, the assumptions on which any belief or idea is based must be identified and stated as such. Assumptions are often left unexamined for their veracity, and thus many misguided conclusions have been drawn. For instance, it may be assumed that coffee enables people to remain more alert mentally, without considering sleep deprivation and the tolerance of a subject to caffeine. Once the assumptions are stated, there are those that would require further investigation on the part of a researcher. One of the important steps before original research is a literature review. Literature review would help to establish how many such questions have been studied and what gaps exist. This also avoids duplication and adds to previously acquired knowledge. Once a research question has been formulated, the methodology appropriate to arrive at sound results is pertinent. The method of choice depends on the nature of the question:

Quantitative research includes numerical data, statistical analysis, and objective measurements, including surveys and controlled experiments.

Qualitative research concerns subjective experiences, motivations, and patterns, and is usually obtained through interviews and case studies.

Mixed methods involve both approaches for a more holistic analysis.

in conclusion: A disciplined approach to research is required to move from assumptions to evidence-based decisions. Identifying assumptions, refining research questions, reviewing the literature, selecting appropriate methodologies, and rigorous data analysis can form a basis for valid knowledge.

Assumptions can be helpful. Assumptions allow our brains to save energy: we collate past experiences and look for patterns which inform us on how the world around us works. When a new situation arises which bears a resemblance to a similar past experience, we make an assumption about how it will unfold. Here’s a simple example. You receive an invitation to a special celebration party (okay, it’s a while since any of us have been to one of those but I’m sure you can dig back into your memory) and it says ‘formal dress’ at the bottom of the card. ‘Hmm, formal dress. What can I wear?’ as you mentally peruse your wardrobe. This is probably a tougher exercise than it might have been, considering you spent much of the past two years in yoga trousers and a sweatshirt. Then you remember that wedding you went to, the one you bought a new dress or suit for. That was a pretty smart event so you can assume that the outfit you bought for that occasion will fit the bill for this party. And you are very probably right. Decision made; job done.  So why do I ask is that a fact or is it an assumption?Assumptions can become unhelpful when we start to see them as the truth, as the only way of interpreting a situation. I’m sure you can think of a time when something happened to you and you made an assumption – 

• Your colleague didn’t reply to your question in your call yesterday because of that disagreement you had last week and she’s still annoyed with you. 
• That squeaking noise when you drive your car must mean the wheels are about to drop off and it’s going to be really expensive to sort it.
• You’re sure you made it perfectly clear to your team member that he needed to improve his performance and yet he doesn’t seem to get it.
• That job you interviewed for was always going to go to an internal candidate and they just wasted your time.

I am also trying to reflect on my lessons by observing students’ learning opportunities and mistakes. I am trying to engage them using different teaching methods and strategies. This process not only improves their English but also helps develop their overall language skills. Additionally, I use various platforms to enhance their learning experience and encourage skill development. For example, interactive tools like Kahoot! and Quizlet help reinforce vocabulary, while Padlet and Jamboard allow students to collaborate and express their ideas creatively. Some creative games, inside outside circle, also use different types of game-based strategies. For example, ‘Inside-Outside Circle’ and ‘Make Up a Story.’ For instance, One of the students starts a story, and another continues it in a chain, adding the next part in English. For example it’s well suited for conditional lessons.

For teaching and learning to be successful, reflection needs to strike a balance between depth and frequency. Too little reflection can lead to missed opportunities for growth, while too much can overwhelm both teachers and students. It should be meaningful, targeted, and focused on actionable insights that can improve future lessons or learning experiences.
In short, *regular, purposeful reflection*, with the right balance of depth and frequency, is key for ongoing development and success in both teaching and learning.

To move from assumptions to evidence-based decisions, it is important to focus on systematic observation and data collection. One strategy is to regularly observe student behavior and performance, document patterns, and analyze them over time. Using tools such as surveys, tests, or reflective journals can help gather evidence. Participating in peer discussions or professional development opportunities can also provide new perspectives. These steps help us move from assumptions to more informed, research-based decisions that ultimately improve our teaching practices.

This reflection highlights some excellent qualities that contribute to both personal and group learning. First, it’s great that you were not just an active participant but also someone who contributed meaningfully to discussions by sharing your observations, questions, and personal experiences. That kind of engagement is really valuable in any learning environment—it shows you’re not just passively absorbing information but actively processing and connecting it to your own life.

I also think it's impressive that you took on the role of seminar leader and used creative strategies, like starting with an activity, to spark thoughtful discussion.

What do you think you've learned most about yourself through these experiences?